Customer service: 8. Podocarpus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Podocarpus (. Podocarpus are evergreenshrubs or trees, usually from 1 to 2. The cones have two to five fused cone scales which form a fleshy, berry- like, brightly coloured receptacle at maturity. The fleshy cones attract birds which then eat the cones and disperse the seeds in their droppings. There are approximately 9. They are generally trees but may also be shrubs. The primary branches form pseudo- whorls around the trunk. The bark can be scaly or fibrous and peeling with vertical strips. Terminal buds are distinctive with bud scales that are often imbricate and can be spreading. The phyllotaxis or leaf arrangement is spiral and may be subopposite on some shoots. The stomata are usually restricted to the abaxial or underside of the leaf, forming two stomatal bands around the midrib. The cones develop from axillary buds and may be solitary or form clusters. They may be sessile or short pedunculate. A pollen cone consists of a slender rachis with numerous spirally arranged microsporophylls around it. Each triangular microsporophyll has two basal pollen producing pollen sacs. The pollen is bisaccate. The cones are pedunculate and often solitary. The seed cone consists of two to five cone scales of which only the uppermost one or rarely two nearest the apex of the cone are fertile. Each fertile scale usually has one apical ovule. The infertile basal scales fuse and swell to form a succulent, usually brightly colored receptacle. Each cone generally has only one seed but may have two or rarely more. The seed is attached to the apex of the receptacle. The seed is entirely covered by a fleshy modified scale known as an epimatium. The epimatium is usually green but may be bluish or reddish in some species. The genus occurs from southern Chile north to Mexico in the Americas and from New Zealand north to Japan in the Asia- Pacific region. Podocarpus is a characteristic tree of the Antarctic flora, which originated in the cool, moist climate of southern Gondwana, and elements of the flora survive in the humid temperate regions of the former supercontinent. As the continents drifted north and became drier and hotter, Podocarps and other members of the Antarctic flora generally retreated to humid regions, especially in Australia, where sclerophyll genera like Acacia and Eucalyptus became predominant. The flora of Malesia, which includes the Malay peninsula, Indonesia, the Philippines, and New Guinea, is generally derived from Asia, but includes many elements of the old Gondwana flora, including several other genera in the Podocarpaceae (Dacrycarpus, Dacrydium, Falcatifolium, Nageia, Phyllocladus, and the Malesian endemic Sundacarpus), and also Agathis in the Araucariaceae. Classification. Species are distributed in the temperate forests of Tasmania, New Zealand, and southern Chile, with a few occurring in the tropical highlands of Africa and the Americas. In Foliolatus, the cone is subtended by two lanceolate bracts (. The species are tropical and subtropical, concentrated in eastern and southeastern Asia and Malesia, overlapping with subgenus Podocarpus in northeastern Australia and New Caledonia. Species in family Podocarpaceae have been reshuffled a number of times based on genetic and physiological evidence, with many species formerly assigned to genus Podocarpus now assigned to other genera. A sequence of classification schemes have moved species between Nageia and Podocarpus, and in 1. Laubenfels divided the huge genus Podocarpus into Dacrycarpus, Decussocarpus (an invalid name he later revised to the valid Nageia), Prumnopitys, and Podocarpus. Some species of genus Afrocarpus were formerly in Podocarpus, such as Afrocarpus gracilior. Species. Subgenus Podocarpussection Podocarpus (eastern and southern Africa). Scytopodium (Madagascar, eastern Africa). Australis (southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, southern Chile). Crassiformis (northeast Queensland). Capitulatis (central Chile, southern Brazil, the Andes from northern Argentina to Ecuador). Pratensis (southeast Mexico to Guyana and Peru). Lanceolatis (southern Mexico, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, Venezuela to highland Bolivia). Pumilis (southern Caribbean islands and Guyana highlands). Nemoralis (central and northern South America, south to Bolivia). Subgenus Foliolatussection Foliolatus (Nepal to Sumatra, Philippines, and New Guinea to Tonga). Acuminatus (northern Queensland, New Guinea, New Britain, Borneo). Globulus (Taiwan to Vietnam, Sumatra and Borneo, and New Caledonia). Longifoliolatus (Sumatra and Borneo, East to Fiji). Gracilis (southern China, across Malesia to Fiji). Macrostachyus (Southeast Asia to New Guinea). Rumphius (Hainan, south through Malesia to northern Queensland). Polystachyus (southern China and Japan, through Malaya to New Guinea and northeast Australia). Spinulosus (Southeast and southwest coasts of Australia). Allergenic potential. Timber market and timber use in Southern Ecuador Bettina Leischner1, Rainer W. Romerillo PODOCARPACEAE Podocarpus oleifolius Don ex Laub. Podocarpus oleifolius; Podocarpus pendulifolius; Podocarpus tepuiensis; section Lanceolatis (southern Mexico, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, Venezuela to highland Bolivia) Podocarpus coriaceus; Podocarpus matudai; Podocarpus. Conversely, completely female Podocarpus plants have an OPALS rating of 1, and are considered . Additionally, the leaves, stems, bark, and pollen are cytotoxic. The male Podocarpus blooms and releases this cytotoxic pollen in the spring and early summer. Heavy exposure to the pollen, such as with a male Podocarpus planted near a bedroom window, can produce symptoms that mimic the cytotoxic side effects of chemotherapy. Common garden species used for their attractive deep green foliage and neat habits include P. Some members of the genera Nageia, Prumnopitys and Afrocarpus are marketed under the genus name Podocarpus. The red, purple or bluish fleshy fruit of most species of Podocarpus are edible, raw or cooked into jams or pies. They have a mucilaginous texture with a slightly sweet flavor. However, they are slightly toxic and should be eaten only in small amounts, especially when raw. Tolerates drought, deer, disease, seaside. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. The Gymnosperm Database. Phylogeography of Podocarpus matudae (Podocarpaceae): pre- Quaternary relicts in northern Mesoamerican cloud forests. Journal of Biogeography 3. Barker, N. A yellowwood by any other name: molecular systematics and the taxonomy of Podocarpus and the Podocarpaceae in southern Africa. South African Journal of Science 1. Earle, Chris J.: Podocarpus elatus. The Gymnosperm Database. Gas exchange and low temperature resistance in two tropical high. Altitudinal gradient / CO2 assimilation / Espeletia neriifolia / Podocarpus oleifolius. Media in category 'Podocarpus oleifolius' The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Podocarpus oleifolius D. Published In: A Description of the Genus Pinus 2: 20. Pinus) Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/3/2009) Acceptance : Accepted. Podocarpus glomeratus D. Wood characteristics of Podocarpus oleifolius var. Podocarpus oleifolius, Alfaroa costarricensis, Billia hippocastrum, Brunellia. Sierra de las Minas shelters 885 species of mammals, birds and reptiles, which represents 70% of the species registered in Guatemala. Earle, Chris J.: Podocarpus macrophyllus. The Gymnosperm Database. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved March 3. The Allergy- Fighting Garden. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 9. 78- 1- 6. Anti- inflammatory, antioxidant, anti- tyrosinase and phenolic contents of four Podocarpus species used in traditional medicine in South Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1. John Jackson San Antonio Belgium. Further reading. A taxonomic revision of the genus Podocarpus. Blumea 3. 0(2), 2. Farjon, A. World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers 2nd Edition. ISBN 9. 78- 1- 8.
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